Hemostatic effect of a chitosan linear polymer (Celox®) in a severe femoral artery bleeding rat model under hypothermia or warfarin therapy

BACKGROUND
In this study, the hemostatic efficacy of Celox® in rats under hypothermia or warfarin treatment was investigated.
METHODS
A total of forty-eight Sprague-Dawley female rats weighing 200-350 g were used in the study. Six experimental study groups were designed, as follows: Group 1: Normothermia + compression; Group 2: normothermia + Celox®; Group 3: hypothermia + compression; Group 4: hypothermia + Celox®; Group 5: normothermia + warfarin + compression; and Group 6: normothermia + warfarin + Celox®.
RESULTS
Celox® provided effective hemorrhage control in all three tested groups. There was a statistically significant difference between compression and Celox® implementation in all groups in terms of hemostasis (p-values for the normothermia, hypothermia and warfarin groups were p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.01, respectively). Furthermore, the compression numbers were significantly lower in all of the groups that received Celox® than in those in which compression alone was applied (p-values for the normothermia, hypothermia and warfarin groups were p<0.01, p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Celox® provides effective hemorrhage control under conditions of normothermia, hypothermia and use of the oral anticoagulant agent warfarin.

Hipotermi ve varfarin uygulanan þiddetli femoral arter kanamalý sýçan modelinde kitosan lineer polimer’in (Celox®) hemostatik etkinliði

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM
Çalýþmada toplam 48 adet ortalama 200-350 gram aðýrlýðýnda Sprague-Dawley cinsi diþi sýçan kullanýldý. Her birinde 8 sýçan olan 6 grup oluþturuldu; 1. grup: normotermi + basý, 2. grup: normotermi + Celox®, 3. grup: hipotermi + basý, 4. grup: hipotermi + Celox®, 5. grup: normotermi + varfarin + basý, 6. grup: normotermi + varfarin + Celox®.
BULGULAR
Celox® uygulanan tüm gruplarda etkin kanama kontrolü saðlandý. Basý ve Celox® uygulanan tüm gruplar arasýnda hemostaz açýsýndan istatistiksel olarak anlamlý farklýlýk saptandý (p deðerleri normotermi, hipotermi ve varfarin gruplarý için sýrasýyla; p<0,05, p<0,01 ve p<0,01). Benzer þekilde basý sayýsý, Celox® uygulanan tüm gruplarda sadece basý uygulanan gruplardan anlamlý derecede daha azdý. (p deðerleri normotermi, hipotermi ve varfarin gruplarý için sýrasýyla; p<0,01, p<0,01 ve p<0,001).
SONUÇ
Celox®, sadece normotermide deðil ayný zamanda hipotermide ve bir oral antikoagülan ajan olan varfarin kullanýmýnda da etkin kanama kontrolü saðlamaktadýr.